RESUMO
Entrepreneurial orientation can be an effective response by sports clubs to manage a recession, such as the COVID-19 crisis. Therefore, its study can be fundamental to understand different ways of managing a recession. This study analyzes the entrepreneurial orientation of Spanish non-profit sports clubs to identify different groups and their profiles. The sample is composed of 145 Spanish non-profit sports clubs. Different validated scales have been used to analyze entrepreneurial orientation, business model adaptation, service quality, and economic and social performance (performance in social impact and performance in social causes). Entrepreneurial orientation is the variable used to differentiate the groups. This is made up of three dimensions: innovation, risk-taking, and proactivity. According to the results obtained, there are three groups of sports clubs according to their entrepreneurial orientation: non-entrepreneurs (n = 11), moderate entrepreneurs (n = 85), and strong entrepreneurs (n = 45). There are substantial differences between the three groups according to the adaptation of the business model, the perceived impact of COVID-19, and the returns analyzed. Strong entrepreneurs have considerably higher levels of business model adaptation, economic performance, social performance, and perceived service quality than non-entrepreneurs. Theoretical and practical implications have been drawn that can bring new information to the sports and organizational sector. For example, the diagnosis of the different profiles according to the level of entrepreneurship can be useful to propose strategies to improve performance. In this way, it can help to evaluate the return on the investment made by sponsors or governments in the organization.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Empreendedorismo , Análise por Conglomerados , Comércio , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
Adolescence is considered a stage in which there are high rates of sports drop out, and this evidence justifies the need to study those factors that may affect this fact. Importance and Utility of Physical Education Perception (IUPEP) is shown in the literature as a factor to consider when studying this phenomenon, and seems to be affected by the Sport Motivation (SM) of young people. Although the relationship between these two constructs has been studied, it has not been the moderating role that other constructs such as the Professor Learning Climate (PLC) or Student Learning Orientation (SLO) can have in this relationship. The present study analyzes the relationship between IUPEP and SM, as well as the moderating role of PLC and SLO in this relationship. This analyses was performed using the PROCESS macro (Hayes, 2013), designed for testing the moderation by directly assessing the significance of the indirect effect of the independent variable (X; SM) on the dependent variable (Y; IUPEP) through two moderators: PLC (M) and SLO (W). The study was carried out with 267 adolescents from eight classes of public centers in Valencia, aged between 11 and 18 years (mean = 14.04 ± 1.64), 52.8% male. The results suggest that Sports Motivation explains 21% of the Importance and Utility of Physical Education Perception, and, in addition, a moderating role of Professor Learning Climate and Student Learning Orientation in this relationship is observed (AU)
La adolescencia está considerada como una etapa en la que existen altas tasas de abandono deportivo, y esta evidencia justifica la necesidad de estudio de aquellos factores que puedan afectar a este hecho. La Percepción de la importancia y utilidad otorgada a la educación física (IUPEP) se muestra en la literatura como un factor a considerar a la hora de estudiar este fenómeno, y parece estar afectada por la motivación deportiva (SM) de los jóvenes. Aunque la relación entre estos dos constructos ha sido estudiada, no lo ha sido el papel moderador que pueden tener en esta relación otros constructos como el clima de aprendizaje propiciado por el profesor (PLC) o la orientación al aprendizaje del alumno (SLO). El presente estudio analiza la relación entre IUPEP y SM, así como el papel moderador de PLC y SLO en dicha relación. Para el análisis se utiliza la macro PROCESS (Hayes, 2013), diseñada para testear la moderación mediante la evaluación de la importancia del efecto indirecto de la variable independiente (X; SM) sobre la variable dependiente (Y; IUPEP), a través de dos moderadores: PLC (M) y SLO (W). El estudio se llevó a cabo con 267 adolescentes de ocho clases de centros públicos de Valencia, con edades comprendidas entre los 11 y 18 años, (Media=14.04 ± 1.64), 52.8 % varones. Los resultados sugieren que la motivación deportiva explica en 21% de la percepción de la importancia y utilidad de las clases de educación física, además de observarse un papel moderador del clima de aprendizaje propiciado por el profesor y la orientación al aprendizaje del alumno en esta relación (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Educação Física e Treinamento/tendências , Motivação , Aprendizagem , Esportes/psicologia , Análise Multivariada , Satisfação PessoalRESUMO
El Clima Organizacional afecta al rendimiento del personal de las organizaciones y, en consecuencia, al rendimiento de la propia organización. En el ámbito de la gestión deportiva, pocos estudios han abordado el análisis del Clima desde una perspectiva comparativa considerando los tres sectores implicados en la gestión del deporte: público, privado y asociativo. La motivación del presente trabajo surge como consecuencia de esta carencia observada. Para ello, se obtuvo una muestra de 303 empleados de organizaciones deportivas de los tres sectores a los que se le administró el cuestionario de Clima PSCLADE C23/6 (García-Tascón, 2008). Los resultados muestran una percepción del Clima significativamente inferior por parte de los empleados de la administración pública con respecto a los del sector privado y asociativo. Como conclusión, observamos que, aun compartiendo objeto, el sector de pertenencia provoca importantes diferencias en la percepción de Clima, y evidencia potenciales áreas de mejora
The organizational climate affects the performance of the staff of organizations and, consequently, the performance of the organization. In the field of sports management, few studies have addressed climate analysis from a comparative perspective considering the three sectors involved in sports management: public, private and associative. The motivation of this work comes as a result of this observed deficiency. To do this, a sample of 303 employees of sports organizations of the three sectors was obtained, and the Climate questionnaire PSCLADE C23 / 6 (García-Tascon, 2008) was administered. The results show a significantly lower climate perception by employees of public administration with respect to private and voluntary sector. In conclusion, we note that, while sharing object, belonging sector causes significant differences in the perception of Climate, evidence and potential areas for improvement
